If you said migrate when I asked what else we have to do, you're right.

Good job remembering that dance.

You really do get used to the steps pretty quickly.

Okay, let's see about adding that field.

Since we have some existing rows in the database,

we're going to have to do something extra.

You know what, let's just do it.

Let's open up our models.py.

Let's add another text field to the step model.

So, it doesn't matter where we put this.

It's not going to care.

So we're going to put it in here, and this will be models.textfield.

Now we want to be sure and

call it content, because that's the name we've been using in our template.

Yeah we can change it here and

change the template, but who's gonna remember to do all that?

So, since we changed the data model, we've changed the database.

Right? Or, we want to.

Then, we should also change the database with a migration.

So, we're gonna CONTROL- C to quit.

And, if you remember how to do this, you're gonna makemigrations for courses.

And, we're gonna run this, and we just got a message.

We haven't gotten this message before.

Let's read this and see what this says.

So we're trying to add a non-nullable field content to step without a default.

Can't do that, the database needs something to populate existing rows, so

please provide a fix.

I have to provide a one off default now,

which would be set on all of the existing rows.

Or quit, and add a default in models.py.

The problem is that we've added this field, our content field, and

it can't be null.

Since this is just listed as a text field, there has to be something in that field.

Or Django has to know what to do with it, if there's nothing in that field.

That would be fine if we didn't have existing rows in the database, but we do.

We have some steps that we've already made.

So, Django doesn't know what to do with the rows that are already in the database.

Our database doesn't know what to let Django do with the rows that

are already in the database.

So basically Django and

the database have thrown up their hands,and going hey tell us what to do.

So we can either provide an existing default for

all the ones that have already been put in.

And that'll only happen now.

It won't happen when we run it on another database.

Or, we can quit, and we can set a default in the model.

And that will happen no matter what.

I think we should quit and change the model.

So, I'll hit control two, I guess I should hit two, but whatever.

Most of the time we would let our field be nullable.

Which means that it can hold no data.

But since this is a text field, that creates

a weird way of having two false values for empty text, or character fields.

We don't want that.

We want one single obvious explicit way of having a false value.

So, let's just set that.

What we're gonna do is we're gonna come over here to our tex' field, and

we're gonna set, blank equals true.

And that controls the form in our admin.

So, it says, hey, you don't have to get a value here.

And the default, if they don't put anything in,

is going to be an empty string.

So the worst case scenario,

the nobody provided any data scenario, is an empty string.

Which is fine, an empty string is a little bit of data.

And it can be blank in the form, we don't have to have value in the form.

Okay, so, let's try making this migration again.

Cool, it made the migration.

And now we can go ahead and migrate our model.

There we go. Done and it's okay.

No problems.

So, let's go add some content to our step in the admin.

So that means we need to run server again.

And let's see, we're looking at using the shell.

So let's refresh this page.

Now we have a content field for each of these.

So here's using the shell, here's our content.

So let's add in a little bit of stuff here.

So we'll say launch the shell with python.

You can exit the shell by entering exit or Quit.

You can also exit the shell by pressing Ctrl+D.

Okay.

So let's go save that.

And let's come over here and refresh our page.

And here's each of our lines.

And, if we inspect one of these.

We see

tags around it.

So that's great, we got paragraphs just like we wanted.

You might want to go back through our other templates, and

put the line breaks filter into places where we printed out the descriptions.

You know something we've been missing through this entire course?

We don't have a single link anywhere.

We should use anchor tags.

They're a great part of HTML.