PyCharm Installation and Introduction

Hi, Kenneth here. 0:05 For almost all of the Python, Flask, and 0:06 Django we've done here at Treehouse, you've used Workspaces. 0:08 Workspaces is an amazing tool but you probably don't want to use it when you're 0:12 writing code on your own computer or at work. 0:16 You'd probably rather use a text editor or an IDE Text editors and 0:17 IDEs provide some very handy tools like code coloring, automatic code cleaning and 0:22 syntax error checking and much more. 0:27 In this workshop, I wanna show you some of the features of a great 0:30 Python IDE from JetBrains named PyCharm. 0:32 An IDE, which stands for 0:36 Integrated Development Environment, is a programming tool that encapsulates a lot 0:37 of very useful tools like code editors, GIT integration, and 0:41 debugging tools into one handy package, and PyCharm is no exception. 0:45 PyCharm provides all of the features that I mentioned before and much more. 0:50 Like automated refactoring, coverage supports for your tests, and solid 0:54 code suggestions when you're using Django Pyramid, Flask, and other frameworks. 0:58 I won't be able to show you everything that PyCharm offers. 1:03 That would simply take way too much time, and besides that, 1:06 Jet Brains offers some wonderful documentation that you can refer to for 1:09 things that I don't get to, or that you forget. 1:12 So head over to Jetbrains.com, download the free trial of PyCharm, and 1:16 let's get started learning about this very handy idea. 1:20 Okay, so this is the PyCharm website from JetBrains, and you can come here, 1:24 read through the docs and demos, the features, all that kind of stuff, but 1:30 what you're ultimately looking for is this download button or 1:33 this Get PyCharm Now button, same difference, and 1:37 you can download the Community Edition if you want. 1:41 It's free. 1:43 It'll do most of the stuff that I'm gonna show you in this workshop. 1:44 There are some things that it won't do that only the professional version does. 1:49 Now the cool thing is, if you get the professional version, if you wanna get it 1:54 and you go to the buy link, there are ways to get it for less or for free. 1:57 So if you're buying it for yourself, it's only $90 a year which is fairly cheap. 2:02 I know it's not insanely cheap, but it's fairly cheap, and then there's 2:08 also some discounted ones for education, and training so that the teachers. 2:12 As you're a student, if you email in to Jet Brains, 2:16 they might give you This qualification. 2:19 I'm not sure of they will or not, but it's worth asking about, right? 2:22 And if not, 2:26 then there's definitely the educational version that you should be able to use. 2:27 Alright, so you'll get PyCharm, you'll get it installed, you'll launch it and 2:31 it'll look something like this. 2:34 So, I want to create a new project, and 2:36 I want it to be a Python project, but I don't want it to be 2.7. 2:41 I installed 3.5, and if you haven't done that yet, 2:45 you can go check out the local Python workshop. 2:48 So, I need to tell this where this interpreter is. 2:53 Now, you only need to do this one time, but you see these ellipses there, 2:55 you're going to click on those, and you're going to say Add Local. 2:59 So you're gonna add in a local python. 3:03 Now it's not at user/bin/python for me. 3:06 It is at another directory, which I don't remember. 3:09 So, let's do this. 3:15 Terminal, which python3. 3:18 So it is at this Directory. 3:20 So I'm going to copy that. 3:24 Okay, here we go. 3:30 So, paste that in, and it finds it. 3:31 Awesome, and I say okay, and 3:35 it's going to update these skeletons which really this is just like, 3:37 how do we, what are all our bits and pieces of Python three. 3:43 So I'm going to do that and that's cool and it creates this directory for 3:46 you called PyCharm Projects and so I'm just going to put a name in here and 3:49 I'm just call PyCharm Workshop, so that's what we're doing and 3:53 I'm going to hit create And boom. 3:58 So we have our workshop. 4:02 So we've got a project's files thing here, which there's nothing listed in yet 4:05 except for this idea, which are configuration files for idea. 4:10 Which is the ide that Python was based on. 4:16 It's based on idea. 4:19 So you'll see the dot idea folder or you can click on project and you'll see this, 4:23 and this'll show you like external libraries, so 4:27 here's Python's libraries and all that stuff. 4:29 Most of the time you're not going to care what's in there, 4:32 you'll only care what's in here. 4:34 So feel free to look at the project files view instead, it's a little bit nicer. 4:37 So we added an interpreter and we started a new project. 4:41 So let's start a new script. 4:44 I'm gonna here on PyCharmWorkshop. 4:47 I'm gonna hit command n, and 4:48 you're gonna see this thing right here the screen thing. 4:51 I have that turned on for you. 4:53 You won't have that on your own version of PyCharms but 4:56 don't worry about that popping up all the time. 4:58 So we can say a new file, or we can specifically say a new Python file, and 5:01 then since I have the pro version, I can do HTML files, JavaScript files, 5:05 stuff like that. 5:09 So I'm just gonna go ahead and hit file, because it doesn't really matter, and 5:10 we're gonna do a new file name. 5:14 So I'm just gonna say first.py, this is my first Python file. 5:15 We're here. 5:20 All right, so a couple of things we wanna to turn on. 5:22 Let's go to view and active editor, and 5:24 we wanted to show white space because white space is important on Python, and we 5:28 wanted to show line numbers because line numbers are important in every language. 5:32 You also see that we had these indent guide turn on, and 5:38 you will see that in just a minute. 5:40 So let's make a function 'cause this is Python, and so all these IDs, 5:42 one of the things they offer is something that's called intellesense or 5:47 codecompletion or there's probably several other names for it. 5:50 If I do d e, you see this window that pops up. 5:54 This window is PyCharm trying to figure out what I want to do So 5:57 if I just have a d there's a whole lot of options because there's a lot of things 6:03 that have d in them, but it knows that def is the most likely. 6:07 I probably wanna type def. 6:11 So I can actually just hit tab and it just puts that in for me. 6:13 I can also do dot, that doesn't do anything. 6:17 In some IDEs, dot does the completion. 6:20 In PyCharm it does not But I can also just hit enter and that'll put it in. 6:22 So def and then we'll put in a name for our function, so 6:28 let's just say say_hello and we'll require a (name) argument, 6:32 and now we're inside of our function, and so you can see so 6:38 we've got our indentation stuff here and these right here lets us do code folding. 6:41 We'll talk about that in just a minute. 6:46 So first of all let's just print out, actually I want to show you that too. 6:48 If I type in print, see how it has this objects, sep, end, file, whatever? 6:53 If I do print and I just sit here for a minute it starts to show this stuff, and 6:58 I could put in these mini objects as I want separators and things like that. 7:02 So I'm gonna put in Howdy and 7:05 these two bits and I close my string, and then it starts pulling up. 7:10 These are the things that all work on strings. 7:16 See how they have str over here. 7:18 This shows the class that they work on. 7:20 I want format, so I gonna do fo, and it's like, he wants format. 7:22 So it pops that up. 7:27 I can press enter and format comes up. 7:28 Format just expects args and kwargs, so we need to pass those in. 7:31 So I'm gonna put in the name variable, and, 7:35 again it doesn't just work with Python. 7:37 I type N and it know that it has a parameter called Python or 7:40 called name rather, and so I can just press ENTER and it'll put name in for me. 7:44 So if I wanna be really lazy and if I don't want to do a lot of typing. 7:49 PyCharm goes a long way in that. 7:54 So let's add in some more stuff here. 7:57 First of all I wanna show this code folding. 7:59 If I click on either one of these minus signs, then it folds up, and 8:01 you can see it as an ellipsis here and it's got a plus sign here. 8:05 Now if I hover over the ellipsis, it'll show me the bottom of the function. 8:08 Let's add in a little bit more stuff here, and 8:12 let's actually break this out a little bit, and 8:15 we'll pretend that we don't, we've got a lot more code than we do. 8:20 So if we close this up, and then it'll show me my whole thing, and 8:24 if I open it back up, You see this vertical lines running here? 8:29 Those are my indentation guides. 8:33 Now sometimes the indentation guides and 8:35 the white spaces kind of conflict, and you might wanna turn one on or the other. 8:38 I kinda like having them both on. 8:44 I don't mind the visual noise, but that's gonna be up to you. 8:45 So now let's actually use our function. 8:48 So we'll say if and again I do the I, starts to give me a bunch of stuff, right? 8:51 But if and then I need to do something for my if. 8:57 Now I haven't done anything yet. 9:02 You notice there's these squigglies, the red squigglies. 9:03 That means something is wrong and 9:06 if you look at those red squigglies on the file name. 9:07 In both places it shows up. 9:10 So there's something wrong in this file, 9:11 and there's even a red line right over here and it's saying, okay. 9:13 I'm either expecting an indent or an expression. 9:18 I don't know which thing I'm expecting, and 9:20 up here is another warning telling us that there's a couple of errors found. 9:23 So let's go ahead and do this. 9:27 So if. 9:28 Name is equal to dunder main. 9:30 Then we want to do, say hello, and we'll pass in Kenneth. 9:35 So I saved everything, command S. 9:43 This whole thing that pops up here, 9:46 these are like options that PyCharm thinks you might want to do. 9:47 So you can click on that. 9:52 You can choose to reformat the file. 9:53 You can do a lot of other stuff. 9:55 Let's see what happens if we choose reformat file. 9:56 So it made it look a little bit nicer, kinda cleaned up a couple of things. 9:59 It put more spaces in right here. 10:02 Let's command + Z See there's only one space there. 10:04 So there's only one space, I can actually come up here to a code, 10:09 that's where it is and choose reformat code and it'll do that for me. 10:13 Where this is really cool is if we did something like this. 10:19 So, read and say two spaces right there, and then I can come up to Code and 10:22 reformat Code, and it knows how I like Python code, 10:26 and knows Python code is four spaces, things like that. 10:30 So it'll automatically reformat that for me. 10:33 It's a handy thing to do from time to time. 10:35 So let's save this, and now, let's run this file. 10:37 I need to go out to my terminal, right? 10:42 No, I don't. 10:45 That's the cool thing. 10:46 I can go here to run, and I can choose this run with the three ellipses. 10:47 I only have to do this the first time. 10:51 I choose that and these are my run configurations. 10:54 So I can make a new configuration, or I can let Pi term do what it 10:56 thinks I wanna do which is to run first which is what I wanna do. 11:00 So I'm gonna run it, and this right here. 11:06 So, we have multiple windows at the bottom, here. 11:08 This window right here is window number four, and it's called run, and 11:10 the out put was Howdy, Kenneth. 11:14 You can see here, it ran python three, and it ran first.pie. 11:15 It ran, it printed out Howdy, Kenneth, and finished with an exit code of zero. 11:21 So this is nice for a quick way to just run your program, and this works for 11:26 really long programs, 11:30 really short programs, whatever kind of program you are working on, and 11:31 you can either click this button here that kinda looks like it's 11:35 pointing at a thermometer, or you can just click run and it'll hide that for you. 11:38 If your process was really long running, 11:44 you would have a stop sign over here too that you could hit stop. 11:46 All right. 11:48 So let's say that I want to make my program a little bit more random, 11:51 and I want to get a number, and I 11:56 want to do random.randint(1, 10000), and 12:02 then I want to say Howdie Kenneth and then I want to print your hour 12:07 visitor, and I'm gonna format that with numb. 12:12 So I dont have random imported. 12:18 See how it has this underline? 12:21 The squigglies again? 12:23 So it doesn't know what to do there. 12:25 So if I hit option enter on this line it doesn't know what to do, but if I'm on 12:26 this line and I hit option enter, it's like okay how do we figure this out? 12:30 So I can tell it to just to ignore it like, this stuff is all good, 12:34 don't worry about this stuff. 12:39 I can do that in two different places, or I can rename it. 12:40 Maybe I used the wrong name. 12:45 I didn't want to use random, I wanted to use some of the library, or 12:46 I can tell it to import this name. 12:49 So I'm going to see if they're the same, and 12:51 then I get to pick where I want to import it from. 12:52 I can import it from random, or 12:54 I can try to import it from random.random, which isn't going to work. 12:56 So let's import from the python library, random. 13:00 Press Return and now import random is up here. 13:03 So this is just a holdover. 13:07 We don't need that any more. 13:09 So we'll save again, and so now, we don't need to go to Run and 13:11 then the one with the ellipses. 13:15 We can just say run first, we can hit Ctrl+R, 13:17 or we can just click this arrow up here. 13:20 So I'm the three thousand and sixtieth visitor, cool. 13:24 Let's run it again to see what number I get that time. 13:27 Thirty eight o'nine. 13:29 Getting a lot of numbers close to each other, 13:31 and every time I click this the play arrow I just get it run again. 13:33 So that's pretty nice. 13:39 Even nicer is this kind of thing. 13:41 I'm like I dont 'like that anymore, I'm gonna take that out and 13:43 I'm not gonna get a random number anymore. 13:47 So let's save. 13:51 First of all, two things happened. 13:52 I have input random is now grayed out it's not being used anymore, and 13:54 I'm not using it, so I should get rid of it. 13:59 So if I go to code and I choose optimize imports, or on a Mac, 14:01 control option O, then the import is taken out, because I'm not using it anymore, 14:06 and if I save and I run, everything works just like it did the first time. 14:12 So, being able to create a new interpreter. 14:17 Being able to use IntelliSense to figure out what code I want to put 14:20 it because maybe I don't remember all these things, and I don't remember all 14:23 the arguments to these things, and then being able to let it handle my imports for 14:26 me, whether that's adding new ones or taking ones out, is really really useful. 14:31