1 00:00:00,640 --> 00:00:03,770 Color is by far the most powerful visual element. 2 00:00:03,770 --> 00:00:05,400 Let's break it down. 3 00:00:07,510 --> 00:00:10,960 Color is the way light reflects off an object. 4 00:00:10,960 --> 00:00:14,480 Color can define a shape, portray emotion, 5 00:00:14,480 --> 00:00:17,320 or even emphasize an object. 6 00:00:17,320 --> 00:00:22,180 Color is measured by hue, saturation, and value. 7 00:00:22,180 --> 00:00:24,400 When we name a color by description, 8 00:00:24,400 --> 00:00:27,570 we are defining the color's hue. 9 00:00:27,570 --> 00:00:31,610 An example of this would be red, blue, or green. 10 00:00:31,610 --> 00:00:35,960 Sensations are used to categorize hues, 11 00:00:35,960 --> 00:00:40,440 such as hot, warm, or cold colors. 12 00:00:40,440 --> 00:00:43,660 When a group of colors are of the same hue, 13 00:00:43,660 --> 00:00:46,540 as far as tints, tones, or shades are concerned, 14 00:00:46,540 --> 00:00:49,700 this is referred to as monochromatic. 15 00:00:49,700 --> 00:00:53,090 Monochromatic simply means "of the same color" 16 00:00:53,090 --> 00:00:56,390 or "one color," mono meaning "one." 17 00:00:56,390 --> 00:01:00,670 A tint is a mixture of color with white. 18 00:01:00,670 --> 00:01:03,970 A shade is a mixture of color with black. 19 00:01:03,970 --> 00:01:08,060 You can think of these as highlights or shadows, 20 00:01:08,060 --> 00:01:13,060 highlights being the tints and shadows being the shade. 21 00:01:13,060 --> 00:01:16,260 In the middle, right between tint and shade, 22 00:01:16,260 --> 00:01:18,320 we have tone. 23 00:01:18,320 --> 00:01:22,940 This is a mixture of grey, or tinting and shading at the same time. 24 00:01:22,940 --> 00:01:26,310 All colors are comprised of our primary colors: 25 00:01:26,310 --> 00:01:28,740 red, yellow, and blue. 26 00:01:28,740 --> 00:01:32,780 When we mix 2 pre-existing colors to form another color, 27 00:01:32,780 --> 00:01:36,240 this is called analog colors. 28 00:01:36,240 --> 00:01:38,400 These colors are secondary colors. 29 00:01:38,400 --> 00:01:41,900 Say if we were to take red and add yellow, 30 00:01:41,900 --> 00:01:43,470 we would get orange, 31 00:01:43,470 --> 00:01:46,330 orange being the analog color. 32 00:01:46,330 --> 00:01:50,220 On the color wheel, the colors that are directly opposite of each other, 33 00:01:50,220 --> 00:01:52,950 are called complementary colors. 34 00:01:52,950 --> 00:01:57,300 Complementary colors are of the highest contrast from one another. 35 00:01:58,340 --> 00:02:01,370 If we're looking for a great color scheme, 36 00:02:01,370 --> 00:02:05,430 we might want to get a triad color combination. 37 00:02:05,430 --> 00:02:09,449 Triad colors are 3 colors of equal distance 38 00:02:09,449 --> 00:02:11,310 from one another on the color wheel. 39 00:02:11,310 --> 00:02:15,580 An example of this would be green, pink, and light blue. 40 00:02:16,350 --> 00:02:18,490 Just like hue is a measurement of color, 41 00:02:18,490 --> 00:02:20,940 saturation is as well. 42 00:02:20,940 --> 00:02:26,710 Saturation refers to the intensity, strength, and chroma of the color. 43 00:02:27,150 --> 00:02:32,150 Colors that have high saturation are described as vibrant or bright. 44 00:02:32,150 --> 00:02:36,220 Colors that have low saturation are described as dull or pale. 45 00:02:36,220 --> 00:02:39,550 As you can see, saturation can be scaled, 46 00:02:39,550 --> 00:02:41,660 just like size, from low to high. 47 00:02:41,660 --> 00:02:46,590 As color decreases in saturation, it takes the appearance of grey. 48 00:02:47,430 --> 00:02:50,970 Chromatic colors are colors that are high in saturation, 49 00:02:50,970 --> 00:02:53,970 just like all of the colors in the color wheel. 50 00:02:53,970 --> 00:02:56,390 Neutral colors have minimal saturation. 51 00:02:56,390 --> 00:02:59,500 These would be warm and cool colors. 52 00:03:00,040 --> 00:03:04,520 Achromatic colors are colors that have no saturation whatsoever. 53 00:03:04,520 --> 00:03:07,570 This would be white, black, and grey. 54 00:03:07,570 --> 00:03:10,780 Our last measurement of color is value. 55 00:03:10,780 --> 00:03:14,810 Value refers to the lightness and darkness of a color. 56 00:03:14,810 --> 00:03:19,410 Value can also be measured by scale from white to black, 57 00:03:19,410 --> 00:03:22,650 thus, shades of grey between. 58 00:03:22,650 --> 00:03:26,060 The comparison of shades is the indicator of measurement 59 00:03:26,060 --> 00:03:28,190 and determines the value. 60 00:03:28,190 --> 00:03:32,030 Value comparisons are different than color comparisons. 61 00:03:32,030 --> 00:03:35,190 An example of this would be yellow to purple, 62 00:03:35,190 --> 00:03:36,650 or black to white. 63 00:03:36,650 --> 00:03:40,600 Value comparisons would be the white to black or black to white. 64 00:03:40,600 --> 00:03:44,700 And the color comparisons would be yellow to purple or vice versa. 65 00:03:44,700 --> 00:03:47,810 As you'll notice, the value scale is comprised of 66 00:03:47,810 --> 00:03:49,980 tints, shades, and tone. 67 00:03:49,980 --> 00:03:52,500 These can also be measured by keys. 68 00:03:52,500 --> 00:03:56,950 A high key refers to a very light-dominant design. 69 00:03:56,950 --> 00:04:00,930 An intermediate key refers to the mid-range value design. 70 00:04:00,930 --> 00:04:06,160 Lastly, a low key refers to a dark value design. 71 00:04:06,160 --> 00:04:09,420 The entire value scale is referred to as 72 00:04:09,420 --> 00:04:12,070 the total range of the design. 73 00:04:12,070 --> 00:04:16,660 Low scale is known as low range or low contrast. 74 00:04:16,660 --> 00:04:21,980 Whereas the opposite—high scale—is known as high range or high contrast. 75 00:04:23,090 --> 00:04:28,400 Just like size and texture, colors interact with one another in a design, 76 00:04:28,400 --> 00:04:32,860 specifically, with its neighboring color or colors. 77 00:04:32,860 --> 00:04:35,930 This is known as simultaneous contrast. 78 00:04:35,930 --> 00:04:38,220 It causes changes in your perception, 79 00:04:38,220 --> 00:04:42,190 whether it be hue, saturation, or value of the color. 80 00:04:42,190 --> 00:04:45,840 Lighter becomes darker, and darker becomes lighter, 81 00:04:45,840 --> 00:04:47,070 when in comparison. 82 00:04:47,070 --> 00:04:51,300 A similar effect to this is optical mixing. 83 00:04:51,300 --> 00:04:56,650 This is done when contrasting 2 colors to give the effect of 1 color. 84 00:04:56,650 --> 00:05:01,810 Your perception of the contrast evens the color out in comparison. 85 00:05:01,810 --> 00:05:06,110 As you can see, color is a very powerful visual element 86 00:05:06,110 --> 00:05:07,690 when it comes to design. 87 00:05:07,690 --> 00:05:13,690 Let's test your new-found knowledge in color with this quiz.