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I learned markdown from a cheat sheet.

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And I still reference cheat sheets when I
can't remember how to format something.

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But cheat sheet is just a document with
notes that you can reference when needed.

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It's impossible to remember
everything about any coding language.

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So this type of reference document,
or cheat sheet, is helpful.

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I thought it might be nice to
create a cheat sheet together.

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If you follow along with these videos,
you will by the end of the course,

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have a mark down cheat sheet for
your own reference.

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That's right, we're going to use
markdown to make a markdown reference.

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Enough of my mug,
let's see my screen and go from there.

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In this video,
I'll cover creating headlines, paragraphs,

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quotes, bolding and italicizing text,
and creating horizontal rules.

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In the previous video,
I created the headline.

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To format a headline, or heading,
in markdown, you use a pound symbol or

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#, and then the text that you
wanna use for your heading.

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That's why markdown basics is large and
bold over here in our preview.

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It's formatted as a first level heading.

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The most common way to render
markdown is with HTML.

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Basically our final document will be
translated into HTML for use on the web.

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HTML provides six levels of headings.

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For this reason, we have six levels
of headings in markdown too.

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Again, you don't need to know any HTML.

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I bring it up here only to
provide some background.

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You type that single hash to create
the largest, or first level, heading.

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A second level heading uses two
hashes next to each other followed by

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a space in your text.

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The rest of the headlines
just use another hash.

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The first section of our cheat
sheet will be about headlines,

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paragraphs and basic formatting, so
let's add that as a second level heading.

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So type one, two hashes, space and

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then our text which is Headlines,

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Paragraphs, and Basic Formatting.

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Now beneath this larger topic,
we've been talking about headlines and

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since we're creating a cheat sheet
together, let's create that as a third

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level heading, so one, two, three,
and we'll call this headlines.

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Now, to save us a little bit of time,

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I'm going to just copy some headlines that
I already have and paste them in here.

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And you can see our fourth, fifth and
sixth level headings, here in our preview.

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We'll create some more heading as we go.

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But I think this is enough
demonstration for now.

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Let's delete this starter text and write
our paragraphs and line break section.

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So I'll add that as another
third level heading.

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We'll call this Paragraphs and
Line Breaks.

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We create paragraphs by typing
the way we would in any other program.

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Just hit Return twice to
start another paragraph.

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There is really nothing
special about the paragraph.

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Where you see empty space
between blocks of text and

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your mark down document you will
see empty space separating those

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blocks of text in your
formatted HTML document.

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I'm going to save us a little time again
and just paste in two paragraphs here.

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As you can see we have space here which
corresponds to our space over here.

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Now to make this a little easier to see
I'm just gonna add a bunch of returns

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in here that's not important for

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the document but it just makes it
a little easier to see in the video.

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Now you don't always want that space that
appears between one line of text and

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another when you're creating line breaks.

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For example, lines of poetry or

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song lyrics don't typically have spaces
between them the way paragraphs do.

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To add just a Line Break without a space
type two spaces at the end of the line and

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then press Return once.

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Let's practice this by adding a stanza
from Pablo Neruda's Sonnet number 17.

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So I'll just type the first line here.

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And then this is the end of our first
line so I'll type one, two spaces.

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Return and my second line.

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And this is the end of my second line,
so one, two, return.

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And our third line,

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And again, one, two.

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And now to save us a little bit of
time I'm just going to copy the last

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two lines of the stanza as well as our
attribution and paste them into our doc.

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Okay, and
if we scroll down in our preview,

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we can see that this is working
mostly the way we expect.

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However, here between, any and
other, we should have a line break.

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So, we can just come up and
fix that one two.

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And you can see it fixed
here in the preview.

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And then don't worry about this too much,
this is just the attribution for

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the book that I pulled this stanza out of.

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You can definitely check it out if you
want, Pablo Neruda stuff is great.

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So let me come over here and we will add
another heading for our next section,

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which is Emphasis and Bolding.

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The ability to italicize and bold text
is a must for any formatting tool.

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Markdown makes it easy.

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Let's start with emphasis which
will show up as italicized text.

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Now, I'm gonna throw in a fourth
level heading here for italics,

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it might seem like overkill but I like
to keep things as organized as possible.

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So one two three four italics, and

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then I'll throw in again just a bunch
more returns, and that's just to make it.

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Easy for us to see.

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Now, emphasis can be added by
placing either the asterisk or

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the underscore characters on both sides
of the text that you wanna format.

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So, this works and

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this Works too.

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If we scroll down in our preview you can
see works as italicized in both places.

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I recommend using the * like this because
it's preferred by the type of mark down

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used on GitHub which is a popular
service used by programmers,

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we mentioned it earlier.

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Also, in coding languages such as Python,
the underscore character is used often,

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so it's nice to have the underscore
stand out as part of your text

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rather than allowing it to be mistaken for
Markdown syntax.

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Bolding is just like italicizing text but
you add another asterisk or

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underscore on both sides of the text.

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So, this works and

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this Works too.

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And again you can see down in the preview
our text is bold in both places.

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Again, I prefer the asterisk
to the underscore.

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The important thing is to be
consistent pick one of the options and

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stick to it throughout the markdown file.

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You can even bold and italicize
text at the same time, like this.

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So we have two for the bolding,
one for the italics, and

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again both sides of the text.

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And this would work too, again one for

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italics, two for bolding, and

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you can see here on our preview works
is italicized abled in both places.

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All right,
we've covered some core topics but

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there are two more things
to see in this video.

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The Blockquote and the Horizontal Rule.

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A blockquote sets text apart
from the rest of the document.

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As the name implies,
it's often use for quotes,

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more specifically it indicates that
the text is quoted from another source.

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So let's thrown in a third
level heading for Blockquotes.

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And then to save us a little time,
I have a quote all ready to paste in here,

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from the creator of Markdown,
John Gruber, paste that there.

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Now you might've noticed something.

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The Blockquote is formatted
using the greater than symbol.

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If you want the blockquote
to span multiple paragraphs

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the greater than symbol needs to appear on
the empty space between paragraph as well.

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Now let's scroll down in our preview.

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And you can see the way Adam is
displaying this we have this bar,

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beside the Blockquote, the background
is a slightly different color.

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And we have our text all indented and
separated out from the rest of the text.

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So you can see there's just
a little bit formatting for

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a Blockquote to separate it out.

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Okay, that's a good start.

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Let's separate this from our next
section with our horizontal rule.

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Which is just a line used to
separate sections of a document.

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First I will create a few returns in
here so we can see what we're doing,

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and one, two, three, Horizontal Rule.

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Now you create the Horizontal Rule
with either underscores, hyphens,

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or the asterisk.

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I prefer hyphens because
that leaves the asterisk for

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bolding, italicizing, and making lists,
which we'll see in the next video.

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Also hyphens look like lines,

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so they're easy to remember
when making a Horizontal Rule.

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I'll type all three examples here just so
that you can see them in action.

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So we've got the ___, the ---,

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and the ***,

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and you can see it's just three
of those in all three cases.

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If we scroll down you can
see three Horizontal Rules.

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All right, that's a wrap on this section.

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Save this, and
I will see you in the next video.