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We delve into the creation of the `upcoming_birthdays()` function. This function is all about identifying and displaying upcoming birthdays. To accomplish this task, we employ a medley of `datetime` tools.
Challenge yourself!
You may have noticed that we're only finding upcoming birthdays for the next 90 days within the same year. Not terribly helpful if we are in the last 3 months of the year! In the final section of this stage, Challenge yourself, you'll be challenged to craft a solution to consider and display upcoming birthdays not only for the current year but also for the next year!
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Now we'll tackle the final function for
this birthday app, the upcoming birthdays.
0:00
So we'll have a look at the to do,
0:06
we have to write code that finds all
upcoming birthdays in the next 90 days.
0:08
Now it says here that 90 is passed
in as a parameter from menus.py.
0:14
And that's what this is this days
is actually coming in with 90 so
0:19
we can use that.
0:23
And we've also got a template, it looks
like we have to print out this line for
0:25
every person who has a birthday
in the next 90 days.
0:30
So that's pretty good
we will use that later.
0:34
And we've got some print statements.
0:37
So just like before we'll run the app
just to see what we're working with.
0:39
Python 3 main.py and this is
upcoming birthday so we'll press 1.
0:43
Now it looks like at the moment
the people list has absolutely
0:48
everybody's birthdays listed so
it is up to us to find out which ones
0:53
are in the next 90 days and
then display them in this format, okay?
0:58
So with this, we will comment out
all of this, we don't need those.
1:03
We want to loop through
everything in people list and
1:10
then we wanna check everyone's birthday,
right?
1:14
So we will need a loop for this.
1:17
So we'll start with that for
each person in a people_list.
1:20
So this will step through every single
person, every single dictionary,
1:25
in that list that we're
getting in people_list.
1:30
So first,
1:33
let's use the datestring to create
a datetime object using string parse time.
1:34
Now we've done this every time.
1:39
So far, so let's just go grab that code.
1:41
We'll pop that right here, so
format_string is there and
1:48
then the birthday.dt
nothing has changed here.
1:51
So in this function, we will be
using datetime.now more than once,
1:54
so I'm just going to create
a variable that holds that so
1:59
I don't have to call it multiple times,
okay?
2:04
Now we want to calculate everyone's
birthday based on this year's upcoming
2:08
birthday, so it doesn't make sense to try
and calculate off their actual birth year.
2:13
Cuz of course that is definitely
not coming up in the next 90 days.
2:18
So let's create a new variable
that holds the birthday of
2:23
this year by replacing the existing
year of that person's birthday.
2:27
So I will call this let's
say birthday this year, and
2:31
we'll do birthday_dt, and
then we will replace something,
2:36
we're replacing the year, and
we are replacing it with now.year.
2:42
So this will give us
the year that it is today.
2:48
Now, let's find the difference
between this special birthday,
2:54
the birthday that's coming up this year,
and now.
2:58
So, the difference will be,
we want the most recent date, which we can
3:01
assume will be the birthday if it is
coming up, so birthday_this_year- now.
3:06
Okay, so what's happening here is that
3:12
difference will hold either a negative
number or a positive number.
3:15
If it is a positive number,
it means the birthday is still coming up.
3:19
If it's a negative number,
it means the birthday has already passed.
3:23
So let's have a quick look at what
is in each person's difference.
3:27
So we will come back to our terminal,
exit the app, reload the app, and
3:32
then check this out.
3:37
So we have some, like I said,
positive numbers and negative numbers.
3:38
So these negative numbers here will be
if the birthday has already passed for
3:45
this year so we can emit those.
3:49
And then with our positive numbers,
we want to grab the ones that are within
3:51
90 days, which actually
looks like it's all of them.
3:55
Because we're quite close
to the end of the year.
3:58
So, let's comment out this print statement
now that we know what we're getting.
4:02
And now, we'll use an if
statement to check that one,
4:08
the difference is positive number and two,
that it's actually less than 90 days.
4:12
So if the difference.days
is less than days,
4:18
which is 90, but then also greater than 0.
4:23
So it's positive and
it's in the next 90 days.
4:28
Now we can come up here and
grab our template and
4:32
then just pop it in and F string and
then we can start replacing.
4:37
Now, again, we know person already,
so let's put that in.
4:43
It is, what is it, person, ['name'] and
4:47
I'm just gonna come down here and
put some extra spaces here, okay?
4:52
Now we already have this X days,
it's actually difference.days.
4:59
So let's pop that in difference.days, and
that's how long before their birthday.
5:04
And for this MONTH DAY, we simply
need to use string format time here.
5:10
So we will use our birthday_dt,
5:16
their actual birthday,
not the birthday this year.
5:19
And we'll use string format time.
5:24
And once again with this format string be
sure to check out a reference guide if you
5:29
need to, I already have it in front of me.
5:33
So it is B for the month and
d for the day.
5:36
Now we need to work out this final bit
turns AGE, what age are they turning?
5:42
So we can figure this out with relative
delta between that birthday and now.
5:47
But we have to be careful,
because between their birthday and
5:51
today is actually one year less
than what they're gonna be turning.
5:56
So we have to add one to whatever
years we get out of a relative delta.
6:00
So we'll call this turning_age, I suppose,
turning_age relativedelta.relativedelta
6:05
we're putting in the most
recent date first which is now.
6:11
And then comparing it to the earlier
date which is the birthday_dt or
6:15
grabbing the years and
we're gonna add 1 to it, okay?
6:22
And then we'll pop that right
here turning_age, okay?
6:27
Let's test this out, over in our
terminal we will return to main
6:32
menu exit the app and reload the app and
press 1 for see upcoming birthdays.
6:37
Okay, so we have our upcoming birthdays,
and as we said just now,
6:43
it is gonna be the ones for
the rest of the year,
6:47
cuz we're quite close to December, and
we are getting everyone's birthdays.
6:50
Now, Rubik, I can tell you,
is definitely turning 1 in 14 days, and
6:55
we're only getting this one
because we remembered to add 1.
6:59
Otherwise, it would say
Rubik is turning 0.
7:03
Okay, so that's our final function for
this app,
7:07
we now have a fully
functional birthday app.
7:10
We've got upcoming birthdays,
we can check someone's age.
7:13
So let's have a look at Rubik,
Rubik is 0 years at the moment.
7:18
And then we can also
compare people's ages.
7:22
So let's compare.
7:24
Let's say Juniper and Rubik, 1 and 7.
7:26
Juniper is obviously older and
we see the age difference there.
7:31
And of course, we can quit the app
as we have seen so many times.
7:34
Well done, you've just used your
newfound datetime, date and
7:38
time knowledge to complete this app for
your team.
7:42
Well done, you've done a good job.
7:46
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