Some reassurance

Congratulations on completing the project. When most teens I know today, are spending most of their free time stalking people on Facebook :) , I'm glad you decided to learn something beneficial. Treehouse is a great resource.

Approximately how long it will take me to be a master of android so I can create whatever I want. Also, I created the project but I still don't really know what to do as far as coding is involved. Is there any suggestions to get better at coding, like books or anything at all really

If you more or less new to the world of android programming I would advise to strengthen your knowledge in core Java first. There are a lot of resources available that can help you learn Java in a matter of days. Though its completely up to you if you want to spend more time with it and go deeper.
Learning how to program is somewhat like learning how to play a guitar. Your learn the basic key notes and chords, but there is no time limit to attain mastery. You learn along the way and get better. By convention there is no master programmer . Instead they are simply people who haven't stopped learning and implementing their knowledge. Treehouse is a great resource to get started with. So, now that you have learnt how to make a simple app all by yourself, try and create another one on the same lines. If you get stuck there is always help.

I would also like to know how to create my own pictures and animations in order to put them in my app

Many would suggest Photoshop and other expensive software, but unless you can easily get hands on them, use something like Gimp to create images for you app. It's free and does the job pretty well.

As for the frame animation you saw being used in the crystal ball app, you cant create your own in GIMP. there are a lot of tutorial videos and articles you could refer.

So an a challenge why don't you re create the Crystal Ball app with images and animation of your own?

Hope it helps. Wish you luck with your learning