Where did my footer go?

Question

Hi.

I'm not sure what happened to my footer, even though it's in my CSS and I followed Guil's instructions to the letter.

Here's my HTML:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Display Modes</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/normalize.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css">
</head>
<body>
  <div class="main-wrapper">
     <header class="main-header group">
        <h1 class="main-logo"><a href="#">Logo</a></h1>
        <ul class="main-nav">
            <li><a href="#">Link 1</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 2</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 4</a></li>
        </ul>
    </header>
  <div class="main-banner">
    <h1>This is our main heading!</h1>
    <p>Bacon ipsum dolor sit amet chicken pork</p>
  </div>
    <div class="primary-content col">
        <h2>Primary Content</h2>
    <img class="feat-img" src="http://lorempixel.com/300/300">
        <p>Bacon ipsum dolor sit amet chicken pork ground round brisket corned beef ball tip shank tail salami filet mignon ham hock pork belly venison shankle. Pig kielbasa drumstick sausage pork chop boudin. Chicken t-bone salami pork chop, beef ribs kevin ham tri-tip beef venison biltong brisket.</p>
        <p>Venison strip steak meatball chicken, brisket prosciutto sirloin. Capicola drumstick brisket tri-tip salami. Chicken beef jerky, tail turkey prosciutto cow ham sirloin boudin tenderloin. Meatloaf tri-tip turducken brisket andouille, pork belly corned beef fatback hamburger.</p>
    </div>
  <div class="extra-content col">
    <h3>Extra Content</h3>
    <p>Filet mignon turkey flank doner strip steak. Frankfurter ham hock turkey, venison surloin pig chuck shank capicola hamburger doner spare ribs boudin.</p>
    <hr>
    <p>Drumstick bresaola meatloaf ham hock salami tri-tip landjaeger beef filet mignon biltong boudin turkey.</p>
  </div>
    <div class="secondary-content col">
        <h3>Secondary Content</h3>
        <p>Strip steak tenderloin kevin swine meatloaf capicola, doner beef turducken pancetta corned beef pork loin shoulder.</p>
        <hr>
        <p>Pork filet mignon leberkas, tail swine venison pancetta turkey shoulder brisket chalkers likes hamburgers.</p>
    </div>
    <footer class="main-footer">
        <p>&copy;2014 Example Layout</p>
    </footer>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

Here's my style.css:

/* Page Styles */

* {
    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  font: normal 1.1em/1.5 sans-serif;
  color: #222;
  background: #edeff0;
}

/* Layout Element Colours */

.main-header          {background-color: #384047;}
.main-logo            {background-color: #5fcf80;}
.main-nav li          {background-color: #3f8abf;}
.primary-content      {background-color: #caebf6;}
.secondary-content    {background-color: #bfe3d0;}
.main-footer          {background-color: #b7c0c7;}

/* Header, Banner and Footer Layout */

.main-header {
  padding: 15px;
  min-height: 100px;
}

.main-nav li {
  margin-top: 15px;
}

.main-logo a, .main-nav a {
  display: block;
  color: white;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 5px 15px;
  border-radius: 5px;
}

.main-footer {
  text-align: center;
  padding-top: 5px;
  padding-bottom: 5px;
}

/* Column Layout */

.col {
  padding: 20px;
}

.extra-content, .main-banner {
  display: none;
}

/* Float Clearfix */

.group:after {
  content: " ";
  display: table;
  clear: both;
}

/* Media Queries */

@media (min-width: 769px) {
  /*.main-wrapper {
    width: 95%;
    margin: auto;
  } */
  .main-wrapper, .content-row, .col {
    height: 100%;
  }
/* Header, Banner and Footer Layout */
  .main-header {
    position: relative;
  }
  .main-logo, .main-nav {
    position: absolute;
  }
  .main-logo {
    top: 20px;
    left: -10px;
  }
  .main-nav {
    bottom: 35px;
    right: 25px;
  }
  .main-nav li {
    margin-right: 6px;
    margin-left: 6px;
    display: inline-block;
  }
  .main-banner {
    background: #dfe2e4;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 35px 15px;
    display: block;
  }

  /* Column Layout */

  .extra-content, main-banner {
    display: block; /* Open to mobile view */
  }
  .content-row {
    position: relative;
  }
  .col {
    width: 30%;
    position: absolute;
  }
  .primary-content {
    width: 40%;
    left: 30%;
  }
  .secondary-content {
    right: 0;
  }

  /* Imagery */

  .feat-img {
    width: 50%;
    float: left;
    margin-right: 25px;
  }
}

My normalize.css:

/*! normalize.css v3.0.2 | MIT License | git.io/normalize */

/**
 * 1. Set default font family to sans-serif.
 * 2. Prevent iOS text size adjust after orientation change, without disabling
 *    user zoom.
 */

html {
  font-family: sans-serif; /* 1 */
  -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; /* 2 */
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; /* 2 */
}

/**
 * Remove default margin.
 */

body {
  margin: 0;
}

/* HTML5 display definitions
   ========================================================================== */

/**
 * Correct `block` display not defined for any HTML5 element in IE 8/9.
 * Correct `block` display not defined for `details` or `summary` in IE 10/11
 * and Firefox.
 * Correct `block` display not defined for `main` in IE 11.
 */

article,
aside,
details,
figcaption,
figure,
footer,
header,
hgroup,
main,
menu,
nav,
section,
summary {
  display: block;
}

/**
 * 1. Correct `inline-block` display not defined in IE 8/9.
 * 2. Normalize vertical alignment of `progress` in Chrome, Firefox, and Opera.
 */

audio,
canvas,
progress,
video {
  display: inline-block; /* 1 */
  vertical-align: baseline; /* 2 */
}

/**
 * Prevent modern browsers from displaying `audio` without controls.
 * Remove excess height in iOS 5 devices.
 */

audio:not([controls]) {
  display: none;
  height: 0;
}

/**
 * Address `[hidden]` styling not present in IE 8/9/10.
 * Hide the `template` element in IE 8/9/11, Safari, and Firefox < 22.
 */

[hidden],
template {
  display: none;
}

/* Links
   ========================================================================== */

/**
 * Remove the gray background color from active links in IE 10.
 */

a {
  background-color: transparent;
}

/**
 * Improve readability when focused and also mouse hovered in all browsers.
 */

a:active,
a:hover {
  outline: 0;
}

/* Text-level semantics
   ========================================================================== */

/**
 * Address styling not present in IE 8/9/10/11, Safari, and Chrome.
 */

abbr[title] {
  border-bottom: 1px dotted;
}

/**
 * Address style set to `bolder` in Firefox 4+, Safari, and Chrome.
 */

b,
strong {
  font-weight: bold;
}

/**
 * Address styling not present in Safari and Chrome.
 */

dfn {
  font-style: italic;
}

/**
 * Address variable `h1` font-size and margin within `section` and `article`
 * contexts in Firefox 4+, Safari, and Chrome.
 */

h1 {
  font-size: 2em;
  margin: 0.67em 0;
}

/**
 * Address styling not present in IE 8/9.
 */

mark {
  background: #ff0;
  color: #000;
}

/**
 * Address inconsistent and variable font size in all browsers.
 */

small {
  font-size: 80%;
}

/**
 * Prevent `sub` and `sup` affecting `line-height` in all browsers.
 */

sub,
sup {
  font-size: 75%;
  line-height: 0;
  position: relative;
  vertical-align: baseline;
}

sup {
  top: -0.5em;
}

sub {
  bottom: -0.25em;
}

/* Embedded content
   ========================================================================== */

/**
 * Remove border when inside `a` element in IE 8/9/10.
 */

img {
  border: 0;
}

/**
 * Correct overflow not hidden in IE 9/10/11.
 */

svg:not(:root) {
  overflow: hidden;
}

/* Grouping content
   ========================================================================== */

/**
 * Address margin not present in IE 8/9 and Safari.
 */

figure {
  margin: 1em 40px;
}

/**
 * Address differences between Firefox and other browsers.
 */

hr {
  -moz-box-sizing: content-box;
  box-sizing: content-box;
  height: 0;
}

/**
 * Contain overflow in all browsers.
 */

pre {
  overflow: auto;
}

/**
 * Address odd `em`-unit font size rendering in all browsers.
 */

code,
kbd,
pre,
samp {
  font-family: monospace, monospace;
  font-size: 1em;
}

/* Forms
   ========================================================================== */

/**
 * Known limitation: by default, Chrome and Safari on OS X allow very limited
 * styling of `select`, unless a `border` property is set.
 */

/**
 * 1. Correct color not being inherited.
 *    Known issue: affects color of disabled elements.
 * 2. Correct font properties not being inherited.
 * 3. Address margins set differently in Firefox 4+, Safari, and Chrome.
 */

button,
input,
optgroup,
select,
textarea {
  color: inherit; /* 1 */
  font: inherit; /* 2 */
  margin: 0; /* 3 */
}

/**
 * Address `overflow` set to `hidden` in IE 8/9/10/11.
 */

button {
  overflow: visible;
}

/**
 * Address inconsistent `text-transform` inheritance for `button` and `select`.
 * All other form control elements do not inherit `text-transform` values.
 * Correct `button` style inheritance in Firefox, IE 8/9/10/11, and Opera.
 * Correct `select` style inheritance in Firefox.
 */

button,
select {
  text-transform: none;
}

/**
 * 1. Avoid the WebKit bug in Android 4.0.* where (2) destroys native `audio`
 *    and `video` controls.
 * 2. Correct inability to style clickable `input` types in iOS.
 * 3. Improve usability and consistency of cursor style between image-type
 *    `input` and others.
 */

button,
html input[type="button"], /* 1 */
input[type="reset"],
input[type="submit"] {
  -webkit-appearance: button; /* 2 */
  cursor: pointer; /* 3 */
}

/**
 * Re-set default cursor for disabled elements.
 */

button[disabled],
html input[disabled] {
  cursor: default;
}

/**
 * Remove inner padding and border in Firefox 4+.
 */

button::-moz-focus-inner,
input::-moz-focus-inner {
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

/**
 * Address Firefox 4+ setting `line-height` on `input` using `!important` in
 * the UA stylesheet.
 */

input {
  line-height: normal;
}

/**
 * It's recommended that you don't attempt to style these elements.
 * Firefox's implementation doesn't respect box-sizing, padding, or width.
 *
 * 1. Address box sizing set to `content-box` in IE 8/9/10.
 * 2. Remove excess padding in IE 8/9/10.
 */

input[type="checkbox"],
input[type="radio"] {
  box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */
  padding: 0; /* 2 */
}

/**
 * Fix the cursor style for Chrome's increment/decrement buttons. For certain
 * `font-size` values of the `input`, it causes the cursor style of the
 * decrement button to change from `default` to `text`.
 */

input[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
input[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
  height: auto;
}

/**
 * 1. Address `appearance` set to `searchfield` in Safari and Chrome.
 * 2. Address `box-sizing` set to `border-box` in Safari and Chrome
 *    (include `-moz` to future-proof).
 */

input[type="search"] {
  -webkit-appearance: textfield; /* 1 */
  -moz-box-sizing: content-box;
  -webkit-box-sizing: content-box; /* 2 */
  box-sizing: content-box;
}

/**
 * Remove inner padding and search cancel button in Safari and Chrome on OS X.
 * Safari (but not Chrome) clips the cancel button when the search input has
 * padding (and `textfield` appearance).
 */

input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,
input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration {
  -webkit-appearance: none;
}

/**
 * Define consistent border, margin, and padding.
 */

fieldset {
  border: 1px solid #c0c0c0;
  margin: 0 2px;
  padding: 0.35em 0.625em 0.75em;
}

/**
 * 1. Correct `color` not being inherited in IE 8/9/10/11.
 * 2. Remove padding so people aren't caught out if they zero out fieldsets.
 */

legend {
  border: 0; /* 1 */
  padding: 0; /* 2 */
}

/**
 * Remove default vertical scrollbar in IE 8/9/10/11.
 */

textarea {
  overflow: auto;
}

/**
 * Don't inherit the `font-weight` (applied by a rule above).
 * NOTE: the default cannot safely be changed in Chrome and Safari on OS X.
 */

optgroup {
  font-weight: bold;
}

/* Tables
   ========================================================================== */

/**
 * Remove most spacing between table cells.
 */

table {
  border-collapse: collapse;
  border-spacing: 0;
}

td,
th {
  padding: 0;
}

/* Remove default list styles. margins and padding */

ol, ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

I would appreciate any assistance.

Thanks

Sean :-)

Answer 1 · 2015-05-31T18:25:00Z

May 31, 2015 6:25pm

I don't know what is wrong with your code, but I loaded your html into codepen and discovered that if I put a paragraph above your current paragraph the new one shows up. If I delete your current paragraph the new one I put in disappears. It is strange.

Answer 2 · 2015-05-31T18:25:03Z

May 31, 2015 6:25pm

I don't know what is wrong with your code, but I loaded your html into codepen and discovered that if I put a paragraph above your current paragraph the new one shows up. If I delete your current paragraph the new one I put in disappears. It is strange.

Answer 3 · 2015-05-31T19:08:38Z

May 31, 2015 7:08pm

Now I've noticed that there's no footer if I preview the page in Workspace, but everything displays if I look at the index.html page in my hard drive.

Answer 4 · 2015-05-31T19:35:08Z

May 31, 2015 7:35pm

Another development. I've downloaded the project file for 3.4. I opened the Start folder. Then the index.html page. I right-clicked for the drop-down menu and clicked 'View source code'. I pressed Ctrl A to select the whole markup, Ctrl C to copy it, and then I opened my workspace and pressed Ctrl V to paste it in there. I then copied and pasted the style.css into my workspace. Then I previewed the page in the Chrome browser and voila, everything was there including the footer. Hurray at last!

Thanks Ted.

Sean :-)

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Sean Flanagan

Sean Flanagan

Where did my footer go?

4 Answers

Ted Sumner

Ted Sumner

Ted Sumner

Ted Sumner

Sean Flanagan

Sean Flanagan

Sean Flanagan

Sean Flanagan

Sean Flanagan

Sean Flanagan