Our tables exist and we've started in sorting some data.

However, we've got a small problem.

We've choose book another concert in Vancouver, Canada.

But before we can add to our concerts table,

we should really add a country column.

Let's see how we can do that by using an ALTER TABLE statement.

In SQLite, ALTER TABLE can be used to either rename a table or add a column.

Let's start by clicking Reset on our Query to give us a nice, clean working space.

And let's delete the comment.

Then let's type ALTER TABLE followed by the name of the table,

which for us is CONCERTS.

Then to add a column, you just type add, and

then specify the column you'd like to add, which for

us is a country column with a type of VARCHAR 255.

Now if we ran this, it would work fine.

And we'd get a country column.

But that country column would be completely empty for

all of our already existing data.

Wouldn't it be nice if we could use a default value?

Well, we can.

Whenever you're declaring a column, whether it's a CREATE statement or

an ALTER statement, you could always add a default value by adding the word default

and then the value.

Let's default and then add USA and

quotes followed by a semicolon.

Then let's run it and go check out the concerts table.

Awesome, we added the country column and thanks to our default,

it's already populated with all the right values.

Now to add that last concert.

Back in the Query, let's get rid of that ALTER statement and

paste in the INSERT statement from the teacher's notes below.

Then let's run it., And there we go.

We've got our first Canadian concert.

Back on the query page,

I mentioned earlier that the ALTER TABLE statement can be used to rename tables.

Our tables are pretty well named, but

let's investigate how you would do that by looking through the documentation.

Here's the SQLite help page for the ALTER TABLE statement.

At the top is a diagram showing us the syntax.

To follow the diagram, you just start at the beginning and

choose a path to the end.

So for the statement we just used, we would go ALTER TABLE,

skip around to the table name, which was concerts.

Then we'd go ADD, skip the optional column keyword, and finally, define our column.

And if we wanted to rename the table, then we'd use ALTER TABLE,

then the table name followed by rename, to, and then the new table name.

SQLite has these kinds of diagrams for everything.

So if you're ever confused about syntax, or you just want to know

all the different ways to write a create statement, then check out the docs.

And with that, you should be ready to CREATE, ALTER, and DROP all on your own.

Until next time.