Project Breakdown

[SOUND] You've learned a ton about object oriented programming in Python. 0:00 You've learned to make your own classes. 0:07 Either from the ground up. 0:09 Or by building on top of Python's built in classes. 0:09 You've also taken advantage of magic methods. 0:12 Class methods. 0:14 And properties. 0:14 To make your classes smarter and cleaner. 0:15 You're doing amazing. 0:17 We haven't built anything larger and more complex together, though. 0:19 You know me. 0:21 I like to build games with you as a learning tool. 0:22 When I was first planning this course out. 0:24 I wanted to build a terminal version of Yahtzee. 0:26 With die rolling, and re-rolling, hand scoring. 0:28 And even human and bot players. 0:30 Yeah, that wasn't as simple as I thought it would be. 0:34 When I did complete it. 0:36 It was just way too much to teach in a course. 0:37 So let's scale it back. 0:39 And build something that's less for one specific game. 0:40 And maybe a bit more universally useful. 0:43 Over the next few videos. 0:45 We'll build a small utility. 0:46 To roll a specific number of dice with a specific number of sides. 0:47 You could roll two 20-sided dice or 0:50 five six-sided dice or whatever your game requires. 0:52 While this isn't quite as exciting as a full game. 0:55 It'll give us a lot more practice with building smart classes. 0:57 And it'll be a utility we can use for building other games. 1:00 As we continue working with Python. 1:02 Get a drink or a snack. 1:04 Take a nap if you need it. 1:05 And then let's start. 1:07 By defining exactly what our code dice should do. 1:07 All right, we want a die that has a certain number of sides. 1:11 And then a random value between 1 and the number of sides. 1:15 And we could base this on int. 1:18 But that actually raises a fair number of issues. 1:20 It's easier and arguably cleaner to just make our own class. 1:22 We can control the creation of the class. 1:26 And we can make it a little easier to subclass for other die types. 1:28 Now I've created a directory named yatzy. 1:32 And I've created a file named dice.py. 1:34 You wanna go ahead and do those. 1:37 If they're not in your workspace. 1:38 So then let's import random. 1:40 And lets create our die class. 1:43 So find our init [INAUDIBLE] self. 1:45 I think we want two arguments. 1:49 I think we want a sides. 1:51 And we'll default that to two. 1:53 And let's let them set a value. 1:55 Just in case they want the die to be four or whatever. 1:59 For testing purposes. 2:02 So, okay, so we take a number of sides and we take a value. 2:05 And we want to make sure that sides >= 2. 2:08 Otherwise we should raise ValueError(. 2:14 That says, must have at least 2 sides. 2:17 If you can show me a one sided die, I would love to see it. 2:20 And let's make sure that sides is an int. 2:24 So if not is instance(sides, int): We're going to raise 2:28 another value error that says sides must be a whole number. 2:33 Now, arguably, that might ought to be a type error instead of a value error,. 2:40 But I figured they gave me the wrong value, so it's a value error. 2:43 So then let's say that self.value = value. 2:48 That was passed in, or random.randint (1, sides. 2:52 So something between 1 and sides. 2:59 We can't have a number below 1. 3:01 And it can't be above the number of sides that there are. 3:02 Now, we're not taking into account if you had a strange die that had 3:06 only even numbers or something like that. 3:10 And we might want to have a check. 3:12 To make sure that value is also an int. 3:14 But I'll leave that up to you. 3:16 Okay, we have enough here to try out our really simple die. 3:18 So let's come down here. 3:23 And Python from dice import. 3:25 I need to exit. 3:29 Let me get into Yatzy. 3:32 Python from dice import die. 3:34 And then let's say that d is equal to die, d.value. 3:40 There's 2. 3:46 And let's say d6 is equal to die. 3:48 And sides is equals to 6 and the 6 sides. 3:51 And then we do d6.value we get 2 there as well. 3:54 All right, so it rolled a random number for us twice. 3:59 So cool. 4:01 Now, let's go back and let's make a die class that extends our die. 4:03 But is always a six sided die. 4:09 Right? Because that's 4:11 a pretty common need, right? 4:12 There are lots of games out there that need six sided dice. 4:13 The convention is to call a die D. 4:16 And then the number of sides that it has. 4:20 At least in role playing circles. 4:22 So we're gonna call this a d6. 4:24 Ad this is going to extend die. 4:26 But we're gonna override init. 4:28 We're still gonna take value. 4:31 We're not gonna take sides. 4:33 Because we don't care how many sides they want, right? 4:34 The sides on this is always gonna be six. 4:36 So we're gonna call super and then the init method. 4:38 We're gonna say size equals six, and value equals value. 4:42 We'll just pass value on through. 4:45 And that's it for our class. 4:48 Since we set up our Die class to take a number of sides. 4:50 We can just hardcode that in our D6 class. 4:53 So, let's test this one out. 4:56 So we're gonna import dice and then we'll say, d6 = dice.D6(). 5:03 And then if we do d6.value we get a 3. 5:08 Nice. 5:12 Now we could go further. 5:12 And turn this into a 12 sided or a 20 sided. 5:13 Or whatever number of sides the dice in our game require. 5:16 So feel free to do that if you want to. 5:21