SQLite3::CorruptException: database disk image is malformed

Hi, It is my first time to encounter such error. please inform me why such error may happen and how to fix.

in the ruby todo list course > relationships lesson.

i ran the following commands

bin/rails generate model todo_item todo_list:references content:string

bin/rake db:migrate

bin/rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test

errors shown in terminal

rake aborted!
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: SQLite3::CorruptException: database disk image is malformed:           SELECT name
      FROM sqlite_master
      WHERE (type = 'table' OR type = 'view') AND NOT name = 'sqlite_sequence'
 AND name = "schema_migrations"
-e:1:in `<main>'
SQLite3::CorruptException: database disk image is malformed
-e:1:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

--trace shows

** Invoke default (first_time) ** Invoke spec (first_time) ** Invoke spec:prepare (first_time) ** Execute spec:prepare ** Execute spec /Users/bahihussein/.rbenv/versions/2.1.5/bin/ruby -S rspec ./spec/controllers/todo_lists_controller_spec.rb ./spec/features/todo_lists/create_spec.rb ./spec/helpers/todo_lists_helper_spec.rb ./spec/models/todo_item_spec.rb ./spec/models/todo_list_spec.rb ./spec/requests/todo_lists_spec.rb ./spec/routing/todo_lists_routing_spec.rb ./spec/views/todo_lists/edit.html.erb_spec.rb ./spec/views/todo_lists/index.html.erb_spec.rb ./spec/views/todo_lists/new.html.erb_spec.rb ./spec/views/todo_lists/show.html.erb_spec.rb DEPRECATION WARNING: named_routes.helpers is deprecated, please use route_defined?(route_name) to see if a named route was defined. (called from block (3 levels) in <top (required)> at /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/controllers/todo_lists_controller_spec.rb:156) ..............DEPRECATION WARNING: named_routes.helpers is deprecated, please use route_defined?(route_name) to see if a named route was defined. (called from block (4 levels) in <top (required)> at /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/controllers/todo_lists_controller_spec.rb:75) ............*....

Pending: TodoItem add some examples to (or delete) /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/models/todo_item_spec.rb # No reason given # ./spec/models/todo_item_spec.rb:4 TodoListsHelper add some examples to (or delete) /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/helpers/todo_lists_helper_spec.rb # No reason given # ./spec/helpers/todo_lists_helper_spec.rb:14 TodoList add some examples to (or delete) /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/models/todo_list_spec.rb # No reason given # ./spec/models/todo_list_spec.rb:4

Deprecation Warnings:

RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup#example is deprecated and will be removed in RSpec 3. There are a few options for what you can use instead:

• rspec-core's DSL methods (it, before, after, let, subject, etc) now yield the example as a block argument, and that is the recommended way to access the current example from those contexts.
• The current example is now exposed via RSpec.current_example, which is accessible from any context.

• If you can't update the code at this call site (e.g. because it is in an extension gem), you can use this snippet to continue making this method available in RSpec 2.99 and RSpec 3:

  RSpec.configure do |c| c.expose_current_running_example_as :example end

(Called from /Users/bahihussein/.rbenv/versions/2.1.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/capybara-2.1.0/lib/capybara/rspec.rb:20:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>')

RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup#example is deprecated and will be removed in RSpec 3. There are a few options for what you can use instead:

• rspec-core's DSL methods (it, before, after, let, subject, etc) now yield the example as a block argument, and that is the recommended way to access the current example from those contexts.
• The current example is now exposed via RSpec.current_example, which is accessible from any context.

• If you can't update the code at this call site (e.g. because it is in an extension gem), you can use this snippet to continue making this method available in RSpec 2.99 and RSpec 3:

  RSpec.configure do |c| c.expose_current_running_example_as :example end

(Called from /Users/bahihussein/.rbenv/versions/2.1.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/capybara-2.1.0/lib/capybara/rspec.rb:21:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>')

The semantics of RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup.pending are changing in RSpec 3. In RSpec 2.x, it caused the example to be skipped. In RSpec 3, the example will still be run but is expected to fail, and will be marked as a failure (rather than as pending) if the example passes, just like how pending with a block from within an example already works.

To keep the same skip semantics, change pending to skip. Otherwise, if you want the new RSpec 3 behavior, you can safely ignore this warning and continue to upgrade to RSpec 3 without addressing it.

Called from /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/helpers/todo_lists_helper_spec.rb:14:in `block in <top (required)>'.

The semantics of RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup.pending are changing in RSpec 3. In RSpec 2.x, it caused the example to be skipped. In RSpec 3, the example will still be run but is expected to fail, and will be marked as a failure (rather than as pending) if the example passes, just like how pending with a block from within an example already works.

To keep the same skip semantics, change pending to skip. Otherwise, if you want the new RSpec 3 behavior, you can safely ignore this warning and continue to upgrade to RSpec 3 without addressing it.

Called from /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/models/todo_item_spec.rb:4:in `block in <top (required)>'.

The semantics of RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup.pending are changing in RSpec 3. In RSpec 2.x, it caused the example to be skipped. In RSpec 3, the example will still be run but is expected to fail, and will be marked as a failure (rather than as pending) if the example passes, just like how pending with a block from within an example already works.

To keep the same skip semantics, change pending to skip. Otherwise, if you want the new RSpec 3 behavior, you can safely ignore this warning and continue to upgrade to RSpec 3 without addressing it.

Called from /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/models/todo_list_spec.rb:4:in `block in <top (required)>'.

stub_model is deprecated. Use the rspec-activemodel-mocks gem instead. Called from /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/views/todo_lists/new.html.erb_spec.rb:5:in block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'. stub_modelis deprecated. Use therspec-activemodel-mocksgem instead. Called from /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/views/todo_lists/index.html.erb_spec.rb:6:inblock (2 levels) in <top (required)>'. stub_model is deprecated. Use the rspec-activemodel-mocks gem instead. Called from /Users/bahihussein/git/ruby/odot/spec/views/todo_lists/index.html.erb_spec.rb:10:in block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'. Too many uses of deprecated 'stub_model'. Pass--deprecation-outor setconfig.deprecation_stream` to a file for full output.

If you need more of the backtrace for any of these deprecations to identify where to make the necessary changes, you can configure config.raise_errors_for_deprecations!, and it will turn the deprecation warnings into errors, giving you the full backtrace.

10 deprecation warnings total

Finished in 0.31909 seconds 33 examples, 0 failures, 3 pending

Randomized with seed 31866

** Execute default

schema.rb

ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20150301071327) do

  create_table "todo_items", force: :cascade do |t|
    t.integer  "todo_list_id"
    t.string   "content"
    t.datetime "created_at",   null: false
    t.datetime "updated_at",   null: false
  end

  add_index "todo_items", ["todo_list_id"], name: "index_todo_items_on_todo_list_id"

  create_table "todo_lists", force: :cascade do |t|
    t.string   "title"
    t.text     "desc"
    t.datetime "created_at", null: false
    t.datetime "updated_at", null: false
  end

end