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JavaScript Introducing ES2015 ES2015 Basics Let and Const

Posted by yuds ds
yuds ds
1,169 Points

Why the program print loop is 5 instead of 4 infinitely when i = 3?

'use strict';

(function initLoop() { function doLoop(x) { i = 3； console.log('loop:', x); }

for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) { doLoop(i + 1); } })();

4 Answers

Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points
Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points

The function changes the global variable "i" to 3, and then when it returns the loop increments it to 4 ("i++"), and then when the function is called again, 1 is added to make 5 ("doLoop(i + 1)"). Then inside the function, the print uses the passed-in argument instead of "i", so it prints 5 each time.

This is a great example of why global variables are often a bad idea.

yuds ds
yuds ds
1,169 Points

Thank you very much

Akash Sharma
seal-mask
.a{fill-rule:evenodd;}techdegree
Akash Sharma
Full Stack JavaScript Techdegree Student 14,147 Points
Akash Sharma
.a{fill-rule:evenodd;}techdegree
Akash Sharma
Full Stack JavaScript Techdegree Student 14,147 Points

STill does not make sense to me,what do you mean that "when it returns the loop increments it to 4" like doesn;t console.log ('loop': x) have to be executed before it can return to the loop?

Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points
Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points

That's right, but "x" was already 5 when the function was called. It is "i" that gets incremented.

rhupp
rhupp
11,019 Points

Does this mean that at the top of the infinite loop's output, the very first line would read loop: 1?

If so, I think I get it. i gets sent to doLoop as 0, which means that x arrives as 1 and is logged to the console with 'loop: '. Meanwhile, i is reassigned to 3 and incremented to 4 when the loop completes. Since i is 4, i + 1 is now 5, which is what gets logged to the console with 'loop: ' the second time around, and because i keeps getting reassigned to 3, the loop continues.

Okay. Now it makes sense. :)

Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points
Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points

Sounds like you got it!

May I ask where the name "lockwiregirl" comes from?

rhupp
rhupp
11,019 Points

Of course! I trained as an aircraft mechanic and was bullied out of the industry. One of the things I worked with most often was safety wire, and 'lockwire' is another name for that. It's tough, and can be a pain to work with if you don't know how to handle it, but it's indispensable. I suppose I like the symbolism. :)

Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points
Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points

That would've been my guess, and sorry to hear about your experience. But I'm glad it didn't ruin the concept for you because I agree the symbolism is cool. And hopefully you'll find software development more enjoyable and profitable!

rhupp
rhupp
11,019 Points

Thank you, Steven! It's been great so far, and I look forward to learning much more, thanks to professionals like you who pay it forward.

Miguel Barra
Miguel Barra
6,855 Points
Miguel Barra
Miguel Barra
6,855 Points

I think I know what's going on. First, you need to know how for loop works.

for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  doLoop(i+1);
}

We have the "i" variable is equal to 0, then we check if 0 is less than ten which is true, so we enter the loop. Then, we call the function inside the loop. Here, because of scope, the "i" variable which is 3 (because inside the function we assign 3 to the "i" variable) is increased by one (i++) therefore is 4 and plus 1 is 5. I hope my answer will be useful.

Chris DiPiero
Chris DiPiero
12,266 Points
Chris DiPiero
Chris DiPiero
12,266 Points

I don't understand why 3 is being assigned to i AFTER the console.log executes. My assumption, based on how the code is structured, is this:

  1. i = 0
  2. i = 3
  3. log i + 1 // 4
  4. i++
  5. GOTO 2 (anybody ever program in BASIC?)

obviously, that's not happening. What appears to be happening is this...

  1. i=0
  2. log i + 1 // 1 on first loop, 5 on all others
  3. i = 3
  4. i++ // i ===4
  5. GOTO 2

Why though, if the assignment is BEFORE the log?

Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points
Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points

It's not "i" that gets logged. It's "x", which is one more than what "i" used to be (before being set to 3). So the assignment of "i" does not affect what gets logged, but it does affect the value it will have in the loop, and what will be logged next time.

Chris DiPiero
Chris DiPiero
12,266 Points
Chris DiPiero
Chris DiPiero
12,266 Points

So the FIRST thing the called function does is assign/calculate x (0 + 1), THEN assign 3 to i, THEN log x (which was ALREADY calculated as 0 + 1), then i++ (3 + 1), then assign calculate x (4 + 1) ad infinitum...

Steven, you're a rockstar! Thanks!

Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points
Steven Parker
Steven Parker
229,670 Points

Not quite. The inner function ("doLoop") does not do the calculation. That is done before it is called..

The first thing done by the called function is assign 3 to i. But the rest of your description is correct.
Happy coding!